Twentieth century

Port-au-Prince

François Duvalier

Life

19071971

Historical era

Twentieth century

Role

Physician-president whose dictatorship reshaped twentieth-century state violence.

Used noirisme rhetoric and the Tonton Macoutes; study his rule through archives, testimony, and comparative authoritarianism.

This is an educational simulation. It can err; always consult primary sources and historians for research.